What Would Happen To Put A Volume Of Water The Size Of Earth In Space?

First, let’s assume:
1. This water balloon is the same size as the earth.
2. It is pure water without any impurities.
3. In the solar system, there is only one water globe, one sun, and nothing else.
4. In its initial moments, the water balloon orbits the earth around the sun.

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The initial conditions of the model (as rigorous as possible)  :
1. In the solar system, only the force exerted by the sun is considered, and all other celestial bodies are ignored;
2. In the orbit of the earth, i.e. 1 astronomical unit from the sun; In this orbit, to ensure a uniform circular motion around the sun, its revolution speed must be the same as that of the earth. That is, the revolution period is about 365.2422 solar days;
3. The composition of the planet is pure, its shape is absolutely spherical, the radius and the earth is 6371 km;
4. The initial density of the planet is uniformly distributed, with all positions equal to 1 (naturally, this state is not stable);
5. The planet rotates at a certain speed to ensure stability.

 

1. Only what kind of planet is this?

We can easily calculate its mass:

For a small mass M inside the sphere at a distance of r from the center, the force exerted on it is:

So the gravitational acceleration at that point is:

So the pressure at the center of the sphere is：

This pressure is approximately 56,000 times the pressure of one standard atmosphere.
(Note: if the mass is the same as that of the Earth, the half-longitude will be 1.77 times that of the Earth, and the central pressure is about 17.7GPa.)

Under such pressure, will it exist? See picture below：

We only know the pressure of water, but we don’t know the temperature of the water, for the time being, so I circle its possible forms in red. According to the initial temperature of the water, it may form in the following states: ice (0~ 225℃), liquid water (225℃~373.9℃) or supercritical fluid (>373.9℃).

(note: If the quality is like the earth, the central pressure is around 17.7 GPa, the center status may be ice seven and supercritical fluid, but not liquid water, but another place on the planet, still might be liquid water, in fact, the difference is not too big)

The information provided according to Wikipedia, the density of ice seven is about 1.65, ordinary water is a result of the fluid compressibility, Its density is about 1, whereas the density of a supercritical fluid is about 0.1 to 1.

Thus, although a uniformly distributed sphere is unstable, the only possible phases for the entire sphere are supercritical fluid, ice, liquid water, and water vapor (on the surface).Ice-7 probably does not exist, and the density of the first three is in the range of 0.1 to 1.65. It is more likely that the sphere will expand slightly due to the presence of a supercritical fluid (if Ice-7 does exist, its range is very limited).

 

2. Can an atmosphere form?

If there were no atmosphere to restrain it, the pressure on the surface of the planet would be very small, almost zero. As you can see from the three-phase diagram of water, if so, any environment above -50℃ would exist as water vapor. As a result, the solar wind could gradually evaporate the planet.

The question is, is there an atmosphere?

It’s a difficult question to answer, but individuals tend to think that the atmosphere is not stable.

Refer to the formation of the Earth’s atmosphere: the primordial atmosphere. The atmosphere of the earth has experienced three stages: primitive atmosphere, secondary atmosphere, and modern atmosphere. In the primal atmospheric stage, the atmosphere was mostly hydrogen and helium, but due to the lack of gravity and the influence of the solar wind, this layer of atmosphere soon disappeared. This phase is similar to the ball we’re going to talk about. The secondary atmosphere is created by water vapor, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, methane, and ammonia formed after volcanic eruptions in the Earth’s interior. We obviously do not have this condition.

Similarly, the Venusian atmosphere can be seen in the context of the formation of the atmosphere, which «contains lighter gases such as water vapor that were continuously blown out of the atmosphere by the solar wind via an induced magnetotail».And the atmosphere of Mars, which contains only tiny amounts of water vapor.

The outer conditions of Venus, Earth, and Mars are similar to those of the planet in question, but water vapor is a small part of the atmosphere of all three planets. Besides Earth, the atmosphere of the other two planets is mainly composed of water vapor, and the carbon in these atmospheres is mainly from the interior of the planets.

A loose guess is that water molecules are too small to be stable in the atmosphere alone in their vapor state, and would most likely be blown out into space by the solar wind.

(another: similar to the planet, can withstand the solar wind, largely because of the geomagnetic field exists, and the existence of the magnetic field is mainly due to the center of the earth have iron, rely on the rotation to form, but the big water polo does not have such conditions, it can’t turn without magnetic field, so maybe completely unable to resist the solar wind.)

Without a stable atmosphere, where would the ball go?

 

3. Ice and Fire

Fortunately, we have a ready-made example, and that is the moon. What is the state of the moon? There is no atmosphere.

Without the barrier of the atmosphere, the moon’s surface temperature could be described as «fire and ice».On the sunny side, under the irradiation of the sun, the highest temperature can reach 127℃, while on the sunny side, the temperature can be as low as -183℃ due to the loss of thermal insulation.

If a ball had such an environment, what would it do?
I think it’s possible (Please ignore the scale size) ：

Water vapor forms quickly on the sun-facing surface, while ice forms on the sun-facing surface, with liquid water and supercritical fluid (or Ice-7, depending on its temperature) inside.

Evidently, on the sunny side, water vapor evaporates rapidly, and since there is no atmosphere to form, plus the solar wind, it will soon be in space.

But on the sunlit side, is the ice reliable? Of course not! Planets always have rotation, while under the influence of the tidal forces of the sun, the rotation speed is likely to slow down, but, after all, is too far away from the sun’s rotation speed cannot be reduced to zero (the earth is a very good example of this), so as the alternation of day and night, the sun will soon be back into the sunny, it will rapidly melting ice formed by sublimation (even), And the water vapor that goes back, before it can evaporate, forms ice again at low temperatures.

 

4. My heart, be you to peel away layers while peeling cry, finally, Finally, the wind blows scattering Nothing left at the end.

As it rotates, it evaporates. As it solidifies, melts, sublimates, and condenses, the radius of the ball becomes smaller and smaller, and the structure inside it (liquid water, supercritical fluid, or ice) becomes smaller and smaller.

only, there’s no other substance, there’s nothing that can stop this process from happening. The big ball, finally, no longer exists.

Perhaps for a moment you can see the traces it left behind: a thin pool of water evenly distributed over its original orbit.

But, unlike the asteroid belt, its delicate appearance is weather-proof.

A solar wind blew and it was finally blown away. It blows farther out.

This once crystal clear, beautiful big water ball, so disappeared in the vast sea of stars.

There was nothing left.

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< The universe is so vast, but even a beautiful water balloon can not hold >
< life is so fragile, our existence is the miracle of the universe >

 

 

Suspect # 1: Under these conditions, the physical form of water changes, and the melting point becomes so high under high pressure that the water freezes into ice under those conditions.
No calculation data to support the speculation is a hooligan… According to my repeated calculations, the central pressure of a large water sphere the size of the earth is about 5.7GPa. According to the three-phase diagram of water (see Triple Point), it is likely to fail to form solid water at this pressure. Depending on the temperature of the water, it may form supercritical fluid, or it may just be ordinary liquid water. This is subject to further calculation.

Suspect # 2: The density of the fluid increases linearly with depth to a considerable extent.
I believe you don’t know much about supercritical fluids, and I don’t know much about them either. But for things that don’t, you need to lookup data to prove it. See supercritical fluids, on Wikipedia, it clearly says, for supercritical fluids, the density is about 0.1 to 1 gram per cubic centimeter, which is no denser than normal water. It is absolutely impossible to achieve a «significant degree of density».

Suspect # 3: On top of this supercritical fluid, a layer of water about 20 kilometers deep.
Request the data source.

Suspect # 4: If the water was close to the star, the star would warm the surface of the water balloon so hot that it would remain liquid. In this case, it would be like the earth without land. Some of the water will evaporate, forming an atmosphere containing water vapor.
Earth’s atmosphere exists not entirely because of water, but because of other elements, especially dust from the early planets. My personal preference is that the water will evaporate and not form an atmosphere but disappear into interstellar space (see below).

Suspect # 5: If given enough time, the surface water will slowly photocopy and enter the atmosphere as hydrogen and oxygen.
Please forgive my chemistry for not understanding how this photodecomposition reaction can happen. The information that I found on the so-called photodecomposition is this: photodecomposition, which has nothing to do with water. I’ve been searching a lot, but I can’t find water that can be photodecomposition. I guess the meaning of the answer specifically refers to the sun’s ultraviolet photolysis, but this reaction is not random, the need for certain conditions.

Suspect # 6: Because hydrogen is easily carried away by the solar wind, the water balloon’s atmosphere is rich in water vapor and oxygen.
There will be normal winds, general circulation, ocean currents, and clouds, and rain. If it were in the star’s habitable zone, it might even have the right conditions for life. How are winds, atmospheric circulation, ocean currents, and clouds, and rain formed? I can’t understand it. Many things are found only on Earth, and the conditions for their formation are very harsh. If these could form so easily, wouldn’t we have found a ton of habitable planets? Life is even less credible. Without carbon and silicon, without organic matter, how can life exist?

Suspect # 7: But if it gets too close to the star, the water on the surface will boil. Then the surface of the ball you see will be a ball of boiling water. The boiling water forms an atmosphere of water vapor, which is quickly carried away by the solar wind.
Because of the high temperature on the surface, the liquid water in the outer layer would also become supercritical. The definition of a supercritical fluid has been given before, and the water on the surface of a planet does not have the conditions to form a supercritical fluid, either at temperature or pressure

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There may still be some doubtful points, but I will not list them all.
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