This article is divided into two types of content. The front is the detailed content. If you want to see the abbreviated version, please move to the end of the article.
①Time
If you want to be the best of the best in a certain field of knowledge, you must spend at least 10,000 hours of real practice and learning. However, Josh Kaufman overthrew these concepts and proposed that you only need 20 hours to master brand new knowledge and skills.
If we can survive the discomfort and frustration of the beginner stage within the first 20 hours, we can actually master a whole new field easily. what! 20 hours = 2 sleepy nights = 1 week of entertainment time, it sounds really good. Well, I mean to study a university textbook in 20 hours.
②Case
Cases of efficient use of time: learn more and more knowledge and do more and more things. It is full of knowledge and spirit! ! Within 12 months, Scott Young completed all 33 courses in the legendary MIT computer science curriculum, from linear algebra to computational theory. According to his schedule, it only takes about 1.5 weeks to complete a course. This is the person who has the most fulfilling life in learning among college students I have ever met.
Regarding his learning method, Warfalcon’s evaluation is as follows:
Evaluation a: Study 10 hours a day, take an exam every 10 days, and pass it. This learning efficiency is very high, let alone repeated 33 times. It is not difficult to concentrate for a short time when learning a piece of new knowledge, but after a period of time, if you cannot relax well, as long as it lasts for about two or three months, it will reach a bottleneck, understanding ability and mental state Unable to continue, this bottleneck will recur, just as many people can persist during the postgraduate entrance examination in the first few months, but cannot persist after June or August. Repeating about three times will face a critical point, after which it is easy to continue. Evaluation b: Deliberate practice does not have the concept of «entertainment». A famous violinist once said that if you practice your fingers, you can practice for a whole day; but you can practice for two hours a day if you practice your brain. The practice of masters can be up to 1 to 1.5 hours each time, and up to 4 to 5 hours a day. No one can stand more. The average female football fan may think that a star like Beckham is very cute. They may not know that few players can complete the training intensity of Beckham because it is too hard.
③Practicability
«When learning a new knowledge, it is not difficult to concentrate in a short time» + «(deliberate practice) The practice of masters can be up to 1 to 1.5 hours each time, and up to 4 to 5 hours a day. No one can stand it. More»→→→→Combined with our goal of learning a textbook for 20 hours, we can conclude: we are not doing deliberate practice in the strict sense, and our intensity is not as high as that of a foreign kid, and it only takes 20 in around. Hours, even if it is done deliberately, it is acceptable. After learning a subject, we can take a break and relax without having to fight hard. And personally, it is achievable to schedule an efficient learning time of about eight hours a day.
However, make sure to make good use of the eight hours of efficient time.
④ How to make good use of your efficient time? Learning the sense of ritual:
People use the sense of ritual brought about by this ritual to give themselves a strong self-suggestion———This kind of self-suggestion can make oneself change, put one’s own concentration, The reaction ability and athletic ability are rapidly improved.
To ensure the efficient use of time, I treat every study as a monthly exam or even a college entrance examination. What will you prepare in advance for the college entrance examination? Material preparation: eat enough, wear warm, mental preparation: get enough sleep before the exam. Knowledge reserve: review and review. Before the college entrance examination, in my mind, we have repeated our performance in the examination room many times.
Let’s take a look again, how I established a sense of ritual for an efficient study: substances: water, chocolate, calculator, stationery. Before the formal study, I will line up on the table to prevent rushing around when I need something temporarily.
Spirit: The night before, I wanted to study efficiently the next day, so I will sleep peacefully, and if you have already learned efficiently the day before, you will be in a sense of satisfaction and new expectations Go to sleep. Time: For example, eight o’clock is my formal study time. I will make sure to get there before eight o’clock and sit in a chair to adjust to the most comfortable learning posture. After taking half an hour to arrive at the learning site, I will do the following:
The first step of the ceremony: @Start@
1. Put the prepared items on the table.
2. Take a deep breath, and then do eye exercises.
3. Close your eyes and massage your temples with eight beats.
Note: The third eight beats and the fourth eight beats of the eye exercises are interchanged. Years of eye exercises have told me that after the fourth eight beats (round shaving of the eye sockets), the eyes will be blurred when opened. , Eye drops, very uncomfortable.
The second step of the ceremony: warm-up
Looking at the content that will be learned in the next two hours, I have a general idea. I will go through some important concepts and sample questions a few times, but I will not regard this activity as my formal learning process, just like you flip the book before the exam, and read the important and difficult test points a few times just to make the exam better. This process cannot be counted into the exam itself. The activity I am doing now is just to wait for formal learning to have a better reinforcement effect.
The final step of the ceremony: meditation
One minute before eight o’clock, I will cover the book. Quietly waiting for the lapse of one minute, I opened the book calmly with a sense of joy when eight o’clock arrived. Because of so much foreplay, you don’t know how much I look forward to such efficient learning.
There are many different ways to study in university. For example, someone who has the ability to soak the teacher through to the question, or the teacher can also soak the question. I think this approach is the most efficient. With the exam questions, you only need to lock in the knowledge points to capture the high. point. I appreciate this approach very much, but there is only one thing I don’t like, which is to avoid the learning process, yes, I also have to take high scores, but I just want to steadily complete this process through normal learning. However, if I am down-to-earth and read chapter by chapter like many people, it would be an insult to myself, because then I would not see the end, and I could not help but fall into the book.
My personal method is an optimization of this practical process so that I can achieve the goal of learning a subject efficiently in 20 hours through continuous feedback.
Step 3: Formal and efficient learning
The steps are as follows: Step A:
First reading
1. Look at the table of contents to know which section this chapter focuses on, and what problem this section is probably used to solve
2. Look at the exercises at the end of the chapter and circle the term ——– this term is basically the knowledge point of this chapter
3. According to the terminology, go to the concept and term explanation in the book——–If some terms are not understood, please use the Internet Baidu terminology explanation
4. After understanding the terminology, use the terminology to understand the diagrams, examples and cases in the book
⑤Why not just read the text first?
In this regard, I really have some personal strong cognitions: in my opinion, science and engineering books cannot talk about the word «understanding», especially engineering books. I think it is a manual. If you talk about mechanics, that’s it. Mechanical manuals and drawings are the manuals for drawing. These manuals are not essentially different from commercial manuals, but they are linked into books and volumes through systematic academic language-but essentially a collection of manuals. What does the washing machine manual do? That is to tell the buyer how to operate, how to maintain, and precautions. We usually laugh at some people for not being able to read the manuals. In fact, it is not that the other party’s understanding is a problem, but how many manuals on the market are simply rubbish, and the writing is not clear and concise enough, which makes it difficult for the reader to operate.
Similarly, I also think that our textbooks are not all an excellent collection of manuals, because their writing content is written by an individual, and the operation details described are written according to his personal intellectual level, and he has not counted what he wrote. Does each sentence make it easier for readers to understand visually? I mean, bad manuals need additional understanding, good manuals only need us to follow the steps and procedures step by step to achieve the goal, only writing unclear manuals will test the reader’s additional understanding.
In a sense, if you study a certain book, if you can’t enter it, it may not be because you have a problem with your understanding. You should change to another book. When do we talk about comprehension? Chinese reading comprehension, English reading comprehension, literary works, «I love you, do you understand my heart?», that is Chinese, English. The perceptual expression needs your understanding, literati need your understanding when expressing thinking, and reading Hamlet need your understanding. It needs a thousand readers to have a thousand Hamlet’s understanding. When talking about mechanical mechanisms, if you say you don’t understand it, it’s mostly a problem with the expression in the books, not because you have a problem with your comprehension. What can be expressed in length, height and width, why do you understand it? Is it possible that a certain mechanical structure conveys a certain signal to you affectionately and requires you to understand her overtones! ? The above is a criticism of the textbook. I mean this is the case. If possible, change the textbooks for undergraduate courses. Maybe some books are easier to «understand»? Chinese university textbooks are rotten, which is why foreign university textbooks are popular. However, for most people, foreign language textbooks are good. They are actually shouting. You are too long to read my article. Do you go around to read foreign language textbooks? The online public courses are also better than those taught by Chinese professors. There are many recommenders and a few practitioners! What’s more, most people can’t read books in foreign languages. So, just read your school’s textbooks steadily, and you can still learn well. At this time, it seems that my suggestion contains content.
If you can’t read the book, you should firmly grasp the sample questions, cases, and diagrams of the book. Because the examples talk about specific situations, the diagrams are visualized, and the cases talk about specific applications-these are much easier than understanding text descriptions. Moreover, the sample questions include the use of key knowledge points. The cases and diagrams are actually to help you understand the text content of the text. Therefore, as long as we understand the cases and diagrams with the least amount of text, we will achieve an understanding of knowledge. Then we will see the example questions to know the knowledge application scenarios. After that, we will repeat the questions to achieve the right Mastery of knowledge points.
Here is also a clear indication of what is understanding, knowing, and mastering. Textbooks often have learning requirements. For example, this section reaches the level of «mastery», and the second section only needs to «understand». So what is «understanding», «knowing», and «mastering»? Just looking at these words, do you feel that you are still having difficulty grasping the degree of «understanding» and other words in the learning process?
From the description in the previous paragraph, it has actually been alive and clear for you:
1. «With the least amount of text, you can understand the cases and diagrams to achieve an understanding of knowledge.»
2. «Then we will look at the sample questions again to know the scene of the application of knowledge».
Of course, the knowledge here is the knowledge of the «knowledge application scenario». If it is «knowing a certain kind of knowledge», then the definition I give is: When I mention a certain term, a certain theory, you can think of it there is such a thing. For example, I said that the next door Xiao Wang cheated, and you said «Oh, that Xiao Wang Ba, I know» —— then you really know it, maybe you know more about this kind of male and female matters. More, it may have reached the level of mastery or even proficient use. In the scenario of this male and female example, you are acting as a good student-you can involuntarily master much more than the «curriculum requirements».
3. «We repeated the topic, again and again, to achieve the mastery of the knowledge points.»
4. If we use the knowledge we have learned to explain the problem, or directly reflect it in actual operation, then it is used.
The above is the reason why we need to minimize textbook reading as much as possible.
Please use a chapter as the unit of study, because stretching the front will lengthen the feedback cycle, which is not good for the actual effect of learning. After completing the above steps as described, you can relax for a while after reading a chapter. In which practical little methods, tips, and good habits can people make progress every day? Usually, do push-ups in this kind of rest interval:
Does anyone think fitness is necessary but also a waste of time? During work breaks and breaks between classes, there was no one around, and the 30 push-ups were completed within a minute or two. It’s amazing! Not only a combination of work and rest, but the triceps will be strong within a month! !!
Don’t worry: For boys, these 30 push-ups are done safely. Although the method is provided by me, I do not ask you for the copyright of 30 push-ups!
⑥ This is another important point I want to mention: energy is divided into physical energy and emotional energy.
During the study process, such as studying in the library, I saw that many people did not replenish energy during the study process. Of course, some people ate snacks and snacks, but this has nothing to do with what I call energy. Most of The formal energy replenishment time for people is lunch at noon. In my opinion, for a learner who is interested in learning efficiently, having lunch as a regular sexual energy replenishment period is obviously not enough.
I don’t want to give more examples. For example, many writers of long-form writers often use this method. For example, when the climax reaches the part, they take the initiative to stop, because the climax emotion is very strong, and it is easy to continue writing the next day. Regain the feeling and continue to write.
The reasons for things are the same. So, please study for a period of time in the evening, that is, after the last effective learning period, just when you feel happy, full of gains, and still efficient in learning-immediately interrupt your learning, pack up your books and roll back Let’s find someone to play at home. The reason for this is:
In theory, your day’s high-efficiency learning is close to the limit. This is just a waste of high-efficiency learning. The so-called high-efficiency is more likely to be the sense of high-efficiency. If you continue to continue, your enthusiasm will only diminish from the peak. If you end your day of study when you feel bad about your studies, I want to say that you are really stupid, always exhausting yourself as hard as you can. You are really trying hard to learn to the degree of fatigue, yes, you can indeed admit that you really work hard. If learning is only a one-time transaction, your effort is worthy of recognition; unfortunately, learning is a long-term process. Every time, you reluctantly end when you learn that you are weak. You use «exhaustion» to end the day of learning, which is very touching. But, do you know that the last experience you learn every day is «tired»! Today you learned a lot by doing your best, but when «tomorrow» comes, your last impression of «today» about learning will only be «tired». «The day after tomorrow», «The day after tomorrow»…Every day ends with the feeling of «tired»—–then this «tired» is the learning pain you bring to every «tomorrow». This «tired» feeling will accumulate and thicken because every day the last feeling of learning will stay and accumulate in your subconscious emotional cognition. Because of your over-study time and time again, you have accumulated a sense of disgust for learning. ——It’s ridiculous that you have lost more than you gain! And this is what most people do: study hard while full of energy, and learn endlessly until they are exhausted. Wow, I have a fucking sense of accomplishment today. I have been studying for a full day, so I have gained a lot! ——I see, this kind of person will soon slacken off. You may go to the movies and play on the second or third day when you see him. He said that it is a combination of work and rest. Have fun…From my unique point of view, the consequence of this person’s “thorough” study every time he exhausts such a day is that in his subconscious impression, he will continue to accumulate a sense of disgust for learning because he is always learning to achieve It ends when fatigue is at a low point. Naturally, there is a cumulative impression of «learning makes people tired.» Therefore, his learning method does not last long, because if a person is not scientifically and rationally adjusted, he will naturally become an «energetic person.» «+ «Want to learn» every day, that is rare. Of course, sometimes he also has energy state, but he didn’t use it rationally, and he was actually maxed out all at once! Furthermore, if his so-called «full harvest» suffers a blow one day, for example, when the reality proves that what he has learned is useless, he will feel more regretful in his heart, regretting whether the hard work of studying at the beginning is worth it, and this regretful one. The target is undoubtedly «learning.» He thinks that useless learning makes what he learns useless. While complaining about the content of the wrong knowledge, inevitably, he will also have a certain degree of suspicion about the behaviour of «learning» itself. You see, This is how a person’s disgust and fear of learning accumulate. Now, do you say that a person’s aversion to learning comes from nature? Don’t people love to learn? People can love learning, but they need methods and need to follow their psychological characteristics. When I say this, please follow my advice: no matter what learning is, if there is something important and necessary to you, but you hate it, then please learn immediately when you hate it. It, stop it immediately when you learn that you like it. Because people are all pursuing happiness, you stop when you learn emotional happiness, and your emotions will lead you to experience the familiar happiness again. Even if your emotions don’t take the initiative to bring you, it doesn’t matter, because you At least not psychologically resist.
When you see the above concepts, you can click like, thank you, or even pay attention, because I said this thing here for the first time. Fortunately, you also saw it. So, it’s fate. I thank myself. It’s such a good idea. I can’t say whether you have seen it in other places. However, within the scope of my cognition, it’s really good to use this idea for learning. A kind of creation!
Step B: review
After reading a chapter, this step is simply easy. Turning page by page, I have a review of the main knowledge points and concepts in my mind, and I know what the chapter is about.
Step C: Make a plan for problem a
Find sample questions and do sample questions. Don’t look at the answer, do as much as you can do. After you finish the correct answer, copy the standard answer again → → after going to the chapter to see if there are any questions you can do. If you can do it, do it → → skip back if you don’t. Look at the second example question, the method is the same → → repeat the above process like this. If you still have no clue after copying the five example questions, then it’s great. It means that you have not understood the textbook or your foundation is not solid. This is a better solution. Re: Carry out b plan and b plan: encountering this kind of phased difficulties, we can only strengthen the targeted understanding of the textbook. Circle the recurring keywords and the terms contained in the questions at the end of the chapter in the answer steps of the example questions, and then read the concepts, cases, and diagrams of the relevant knowledge points. Then come back to the question. If it doesn’t work, it’s even simpler: plan c plan c: a book that allows you to proceed to step b, I have reason to believe that it should be a textbook similar to «Solid Physics», other weak subjects such as electrical engineering, etc. Wait, basically, it won’t let you do five sample questions, copy five sample questions, you don’t even have a clue. So, your operation is as follows: put down your books and go to love life. In addition, I am giving you a gift: When a textbook is completed in the above way, please find a test paper with detailed answers from the Internet in time for a test! If your grades do not reach your goal, please consciously decide to arrange a time to re-learn, consolidate, and improve. This is what a scholar who has high demands on himself. This test suggestion actually has more practical significance for scum: if you fail the test, you need to re-enhance your textbook study. In this way, a large area of scums who would fail at the end of the term were saved. When you see this special reminder, you will not be sober and determined to make a deal with the final exam! ? The words to be said are finished, and a lot of time has been spent revising the text back and forth. In addition, I would like to add the usual routine when I proceed according to this method: 1. I usually wake up at 6:30 and write my morning diary. It will read «a. mentality preparation: I am in a bad mood now and want to sleep, but at eight o’clock I need a good mentality for formal and efficient learning, so I must cheer up and come on!» «b. Preparation for action: to ensure Formally and efficiently study at eight o’clock. I should have a good breakfast. If it’s not cold, I should run for a while. If it’s too cold, then stretch my back. In short, I should make my mood happy.» «Material preparation: I should buy water.», Chocolate…» I woke up as I wrote. I’m not sure if I just wake up, should I sit still in bed like a cat for a few seconds. I heard that it is good for health, not bad, and very good for health. My attempt is like this: Why sit? Isn’t it more comfortable to lie down? ——Yes, I slept for a few more hours!
Anyway, this kind of diary record repeats almost the same nagging every day, and for a long time, I find that for me, the biggest effect should be the suggestive effect-or that I deliberately make it cultivate a condition Reflection, I like this, because I like-simple outline, not very long, I put the notebook on the bedside, come together, and write the first word in it, «2015…» Then it becomes natural. Friends, remember a simple law of inertia: static tends to be static, and moving tends to move. Don’t know how to start a thing? Do it for 10 minutes first. Don’t know how to strike up a conversation with a girl? Immediately go over and say: «Hello!…» You will naturally continue. When you move, you tend to exercise. I really like this sentence.
I sometimes overslept. I saw someone abandoning the entire project because of one interruption of the plan. I think he is really stupid. For example, I planned to get up early to study yesterday, but Jinan was too foggy (I just received a yellow warning of heavy fog in Jinan, it’s not good), I thought it was not dawn, and I got up two hours late. Am I not learning anymore? Yes, many people do exactly this. If he does not get up until noon after oversleeping, he will be very upset and paralyzed, and he will regret it all day, forget it, forget it, have fun this afternoon, and get up early tomorrow! ——This is really stupid, you didn’t expect it, did you? It’s still the same the next day! For a long time, the effect is very bad, you know? When the deadline for the deadline is about to expire, you become restless, and you start to lament that time is too fast, and you have wasted so much time without knowing it! …A series of emotional explosions…hey. If you wake up late, just plan the time available for the day…what’s the big deal? Similarly, it doesn’t matter if the long-term plan has to be interrupted for one day or two days, just continue! …What’s the big deal? Do you have to let a temporary absence cause long-term hidden dangers? ! 3. The energy value burst period. Each person’s high-energy learning time period may be different. But I want to emphasize one word «expected». Observing my long-term activity state, I think that I expect my energy burst to appear at 8-10 in the morning, 2-5 in the afternoon, and 6:30-10 in the evening, for a total of eight and a half hours. Therefore, I will pay for these eight There are a lot of extra preparations for sitting for hours, for example, a nap at noon is necessary to work; around 5:40 in the afternoon, I may squint for a while, which is also necessary work; during breaks listening to favourite music with awesome headphones is necessary to work Personal hobby, push-ups are also necessary work; chocolate is also…In short, they are prepared to ensure the efficient use of these eight and a half hours (actually less than eight and a half hours, 10 minutes rest from 8 to 10, 2 in the afternoon Rest 10*2 at 5, 6:30 to 10 at night, 10*2, so the pure time for learning is 7 hours and 40 minutes). Because it mentioned the nap around 5:40 in the afternoon, I was not sleepy at that time, it was a nap that was carried out in advance to prevent fatigue for three and a half hours at night. Relaxation before fatigue come is the best way to relieve fatigue, haven’t you heard of it? You have heard of it, so I remind you again. ps. Don’t think that learning is so hard. In fact, I am doing it with great pleasure. With a strong sense of ritual, every day is like a pilgrimage.
I hope there are not too many typos, I don’t want to modify too many times, it is really time-consuming.
Finally, thank you for reading it, I believe this article can really help you.
Simple ANS
There is only one trick: Don’t over-prepare, start casually.
The human brain is very strange. The greater the pressure of work, the more excuses the brain will find to procrastinate. Sometimes your brain tells you that for such a difficult job, you should check the information online or look for similar cases. You will mistakenly think that you are making necessary preparations. In fact, your brain is helping you escape stress. If you believe it, you will waste your time on the web page. As the deadline gets closer, you will become more and more nervous, but you will be more procrastinated.
Many people cheer themselves up by telling themselves that this work is very important and must be taken seriously. Doing so will definitely be counterproductive! You have to believe that people are never rational-driven creatures. Instead of relying on their own willpower, it is better to conform to your own nature. What is human nature? Pursue ease and ease. Most people have procrastination, but I have never seen a procrastinator who plays a game and eats delicious food! We have to conform to nature, and we should not think so heavily about our work. If you can’t love your work as you do with a game console, you must control yourself. Don’t focus your thinking on pressure, but despise it.
You think so, I’ll just start casually. In fact, at first, you will find that it is not as painful as you think. Many times you can’t stop when you open your head, and you’re done without knowing it. Thinking back, ahem, is it easy at all.
Just like my answer, I just wanted to write the beginning of a sentence casually and ended up writing a few hundred words without paying attention. This week’s writing tasks have been completed again!